Lensless imaging with apertures virtually all cameras today have lenses. Gray scale shadow images of captured cells on the chip 24 mm times 4 mm times 50 mum were enumerated in three seconds using an automatic cell counting software. We have built a prototype camera based on this approach using a bare image detector and a liquid crystal modulator for the aperture. This is based on the principle that, through optimization, the sparsity of a signal can be exploited to. The lensless compressive imaging architecture is wellsuited for multiview imaging because multiple sensors may be used in conjunction with one aperture assembly, see figure 1. A timeofflight based lensless compressive imaging technique that captures scene reflectance with significantly less compressive patterns compared to previous works.
Ccd sensor using lensless shadow imaging techniques. In short, simple optical engine structure, robust measuring method and high speed acquisition make. An optical image on a sensor is just a complicated signal that can be represented as a list of numbers and processed digitally. Zheng, compressed sensing for sarbased wideband 3d microwave imaging system using nonuniform fft, has been submitted to iet radar, sonar, and navigation, 2012. Lensless imaging by compressive sensing gang huang, hong jiang, kim matthews and paul wilford bell labs, alcatellucent, murray hill, nj 07974 abstract in this paper, we propose a lensless compressive imaging architecture.
Lensless camera creates detailed 3d images without scanning staff posted on december 21, 2017. Lensless camera creates detailed 3d images without scanning berkeley, calif. We experimentally built and tested a lensless imaging system where a dnn was trained to recover phase objects. Diffusercam integrates concepts from lensless camera technology and imaging through complex media with computational imaging design principles. Although there is no magnification, the method is suitable for all wavelengths and so may find special applications in cases where it is not possible to use lenses, such as with xrays or gammarays. Other imaging systems that are formed with the help of compressed sensing include compressive light field camera 22,23,179, lensless imaging 180, and compressive video sensing 181,182.
We have built a prototype camera based on this approach using a bare image. Coherent diffractive imaging cdi is a lensless technique for 2d or 3d reconstruction of the image of nanoscale structures such as nanotubes, nanocrystals, porous nanocrystalline layers. We report the first to our knowledge experimental demonstration of lensless ghost imaging with true thermal light. We present the current state of lensless imaging,its advantages, application challenges and the potential for use in poc. Baraniuk department of electrical and computer engineering rice university abstract compressive sensingis an emerging. Lensless highresolution onchip optofluidic microscopes.
Traditional cameras require a lens and a megapixel sensor to capture images. Overview efficient lensless imaging with a femtopixel. Coherent diffractive imaging cdi is a lensless technique for 2d or 3d reconstruction of the image of nanoscale structures such as nanotubes, nanocrystals, porous nanocrystalline layers, defects, potentially proteins, and more. Lensless camera technology promises improved picture quality. We have built a new version of lensless camera with new hardware under the same architecture, which consists of two components, an aperture assembly and a single sensor. Compressive hyperspectral imaging with side information. Spatially resolved, diffuse reflectance imaging for. This means that a few images of a moving point of light must be acquired to calibrate the software. The first of these computational blocks, termed pixel superresolution 4547, is used to overcome the resolution limitation due to the pixel size and is required to achieve subpixel spatial resolution in lensfree onchip imaging 610. Us9172850b2 lensless imaging camera performing image. Lensless imaging is a relatively new coherent imaging technique that is complementary to zoneplate imaging 9. Introduction for imaging in the visible spectrum, ccd and cmos technology has allowed effective and compact airborne sensing devices to be developed for the defence industry.
The transmittance of each aperture element is independently controllable. In this paper, we propose a lensless compressive imaging architecture. However, traditional single pixel cameras require many illumination patterns which result in a long acquisition process. The recent theory of compressive sensing leverages upon the structure of signals to acquire them with much fewer measurements than was previously thought necessary and. Aug 14, 2015 compressive imaging architecture that was originally proposed in 31. Gehm duke university fitzpatrick center for photonics, durham, nc, 27708 abstract a spectral imager provides a 3d data cube in which the spatial information 2d of the image is complemented by spectral information 1d a bout each spatial location. The sensing stage requirement is pushed to the simplest and cheapest level. Compressive imaging spectrometers using coded apertures d. Cui, xiquan and lee, lap man and heng, xin and zhong, weiwei and sternberg, paul w. It is an extension of holography, which was first demonstrated with xrays in 1987 14.
The third general approach to lensless imaging is based on a recent advance in the mathematics and statistics of signals known as compressive sensing. Deep learning has been proven to yield reliably generalizable solutions to numerous classification and decision tasks. Compressed sensing also known as compressive sensing, compressive sampling, or sparse sampling is a signal processing technique for efficiently acquiring and reconstructing a signal. The lens focuses light from the scene onto the sensor. It is an extension of holography, which was first demonstrated with xrays. Miniaturized lensless imaging systems for cell and. In 104, a lensless compressive imaging architecture is proposed. It is now possible to view cells, bacteria and viruses without a lens by using a simple webcam cmos image sensor and led lights.
Mar 29, 2017 lensless imaging with compressive ultrafast sensing. We discuss in detail the merits and limitations of lensless imaging using controllable apertures. The aperture assembly consists of a two dimensional array of aperture elements. Lensless imaging is an important and challenging problem. Efficient lensless imaging with a femtopixel camera culture. Lensless imaging with compressive ultrafast sensing guy satat, matthew tancik and ramesh raskar abstract lensless imaging is an important and challenging problem. Lensless imaging by compressive sensing gang huang, hong jiang, kim matthews and paul wilford bell labs, alcatellucent, murray hill, nj 07974 abstract in this paper, we.
The architecture consists of two components, an aperture assembly and a sensor. Lensless smart sensors enable the nextgeneration of lowpower sensing through capturing informationrich images using a lowcost phase grating coupled with standard image sensors. The proposed architecture and algorithm for the camera could enable highresolution, lightefficient lensless 3d imaging of large and dynamic 3d samples in an extremely compact package. In this paper, we present an indepth description and mathematical analysis of a lensless compressive imaging architecture that was originally proposed in 31. Although there is no magnification, the method is suitable for all. The recent theory of compressive sensing leverages upon the structure of signals to acquire them with much fewer measurements than was previously thought necessary and certainly well below the. The project is integrated with the erc bioimaging thrust in livecell imaging and will incorporate the smart illumination optimization strategies that are being developed for desktop bio. Lensfree onchip imaging refers to using a digital optoelectronic sensor array, such as a chargecoupled device ccd or complementary metaloxide semiconductor cmos chip to directly. Compressive imaging spectrometers using coded apertures. Lensless imaging with compressive ultrafast sensing mit. Here, we demonstrate for the first time to our knowledge that deep neural networks dnns can be trained to solve endtoend inverse problems in computational imaging.
Compressive sensing for 3d microwave imaging systems. A timeofflight based lensless compressive imaging technique that captures scene. We develop a lensless compressive imaging architecture, which consists of an aperture assembly and a single sensor, without using any lens. Lensless camera creates detailed 3d images without scanning. Lensless imaging with compressive ultrafast sensing guy satat, matthew tancik, ramesh raskar. Lensless smart sensors enable the nextgeneration of lowpower sensing through capturing informationrich images using a lowcost phase grating coupled with standard image sensors and sophisticated computational algorithms. A new compressive imaging camera architecture using opticaldomain compression dharmpal takhar, jason n. One notable solution to lensless imaging is a single pixel camera which benefits from ideas central to compressive. The spiral grating of lss diffractive optics, coupled with sophisticated computational algorithms, reduce computation time while facilitating applicationspecific design. Compressive singlepixel imaging andrew thompson school of mathematics and the maxwell institute university of edinburgh, edinburgh, eh9 3jz a. Nayar computer science department columbia university new york, ny, 10027 email.
A portable, spatially resolved, diffuse reflectance lensless imaging technique based on the chargecoupled device or complementary metaloxide semiconductor sensor directly coupled to the. Here, we combine structured incoherent illumination and bucket detection for imaging an absorbing object completely embedded in a scattering medium. Lensless imaging with a controllable aperture assaf zomet. Lensless ghost imaging with true thermal light internet archive. W e ha ve built a new version of lensless camera with new hardware under the same architecture, which consists of. Lensfree onchip imaging has two important reconstruction blocks that are needed to visualize an objects image. One challenge that has long held the attention of scientists is that of clearly seeing objects hidden by turbid media, as smoke, fog or biological tissue, which has major implications in fields such as remote sensing or early diagnosis of diseases. Compressive sensing cs is a new sampling theory which allows reconstructing signals using subnyquist measurements.
Lensless camera creates detailed 3d images without. Coherent diffraction imaging lensless imaging eric welch, sara mohamed, ling zeng, weilun qin august 7, 2015. After traveling a distance r, the phase of the reference beam in the plane of the. Here, we demonstrate for the first time to our knowledge that deep neural. Compressive hyperspectral imaging with side information xin yuan, tsunghan tsai, ruoyu zhu, patrick llull, david brady, and lawrence carin department of electrical and computer. Widefield, oblique collimated illumination of the entire sample was achieved with a 0. The cost of obtaining an additional viewpoint is simply that of adding a sensor to the device. One challenge that has long held the attention of scientists is that of clearly seeing objects hidden by turbid media, as smoke, fog or biological tissue, which has major implications in fields such. Lensless imaging with compressive ultrafast sensing. Miniaturized lensless imaging systems for cell and microorganism visualization in pointofcare testing umut atakan gurkan1, sangjun moon1, hikmet geckil1,2, feng xu1, shuqi wang1. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. It states that a signal can be recovered exactly from randomly undersampled data points if the signal exhibits sparsity in some transform domain wavelet, fourier, etc. Willett department of electrical and computer engineering, duke university, durham, nc 27708. One notable solution to lensless imaging is a single pixel camera which bene.
Gehm duke university fitzpatrick center for photonics, durham, nc, 27708 abstract a spectral imager. However, traditional single pixel cameras require many. One notable solution to lensless imaging is a single pixel camera which benefits from ideas central to compressive sampling. The researchers are working on a way to eliminate this calibration step by using the raw data for calibration. Multiview in lensless compressive imaging hong jiang, gang huang and paul wilford bell labs, alcatellucent, murray hill, nj 07974 abstractmultiview images are acquired by a. In this paper, we propose algorithms and hardware to support a new theory of compressive imaging.
May 18, 2016 it is now possible to view cells, bacteria and viruses without a lens by using a simple webcam cmos image sensor and led lights. They also want to improve the accuracy of the software and make the 3d reconstruction faster. Mar 20, 2017 lensless imaging is an important and challenging problem. The name coherent xray diffractive imaging cxdi is used in the xray community, which we could generalize to cdi. This means that a few images of a moving point of light must be acquired to calibrate the software prior to imaging. Diffractive or lensless imaging refers to the use of theoretical methods and computer algorithms to solve the phase problem for scattering by a nonperiodic object. Exploring analogtoinformation cmos image sensor design taking advantage on recent advances of compressive sensing for low. A new compressive imaging camera architecture using optical. We demonstrate a new imaging method that is lensless and requires only a single pixel for imaging. Compressed sensing also known as compressive sensing, compressive sampling, or sparse sampling is a signal processing technique for efficiently acquiring and reconstructing a signal, by finding solutions to underdetermined linear systems. Jul 11, 2016 in contrast, lensless microscopy can provide highresolution images without the use of any focusing lenses, offering the advantages of a large field of view, high resolution, costeffectiveness, portability, and depthresolved threedimensional 3d imaging. A new compressive imaging camera architecture using. Osa lensless computational imaging through deep learning.
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